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1995-01-12
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DJPEG(1) DJPEG(1)
NNAAMMEE
djpeg - decompress a JPEG file to an image file
SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
ddjjppeegg [ _o_p_t_i_o_n_s ] [ _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e ]
DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
ddjjppeegg decompresses the named JPEG file, or the standard
input if no file is named, and produces an image file on
the standard output. PBMPLUS (PPM/PGM), BMP, GIF, Targa,
or RLE (Utah Raster Toolkit) output format can be
selected. (RLE is supported only if the URT library is
available.)
OOPPTTIIOONNSS
All switch names may be abbreviated; for example,
--ggrraayyssccaallee may be written --ggrraayy or --ggrr. Most of the
"basic" switches can be abbreviated to as little as one
letter. Upper and lower case are equivalent (thus --GGIIFF is
the same as --ggiiff). British spellings are also accepted
(e.g., --ggrreeyyssccaallee), though for brevity these are not men
tioned below.
The basic switches are:
--ccoolloorrss _N
Reduce image to at most N colors. This reduces the
number of colors used in the output image, so that
it can be displayed on a colormapped display or
stored in a colormapped file format. For example,
if you have an 8-bit display, you'd need to reduce
to 256 or fewer colors.
--qquuaannttiizzee _N
Same as --ccoolloorrss. --ccoolloorrss is the recommended name,
--qquuaannttiizzee is provided only for backwards compati
bility.
--ffaasstt Select recommended processing options for fast, low
quality output. (The default options are chosen
for highest quality output.) Currently, this is
equivalent to --ddcctt ffaasstt --nnoossmmooootthh --oonneeppaassss --ddiitthheerr
oorrddeerreedd.
--ggrraayyssccaallee
Force gray-scale output even if JPEG file is color.
Useful for viewing on monochrome displays; also,
ddjjppeegg runs noticeably faster in this mode.
--ssccaallee _M_/_N
Scale the output image by a factor M/N. Currently
the scale factor must be 1/1, 1/2, 1/4, or 1/8.
Scaling is handy if the image is larger than your
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DJPEG(1) DJPEG(1)
screen; also, ddjjppeegg runs much faster when scaling
down the output.
--bbmmpp Select BMP output format (Windows flavor). 8-bit
colormapped format is emitted if --ccoolloorrss or
--ggrraayyssccaallee is specified, or if the JPEG file is
gray-scale; otherwise, 24-bit full-color format is
emitted.
--ggiiff Select GIF output format. Since GIF does not sup
port more than 256 colors, --ccoolloorrss 225566 is assumed
(unless you specify a smaller number of colors).
--ooss22 Select BMP output format (OS/2 1.x flavor). 8-bit
colormapped format is emitted if --ccoolloorrss or
--ggrraayyssccaallee is specified, or if the JPEG file is
gray-scale; otherwise, 24-bit full-color format is
emitted.
--ppnnmm Select PBMPLUS (PPM/PGM) output format (this is the
default format). PGM is emitted if the JPEG file
is gray-scale or if --ggrraayyssccaallee is specified; other
wise PPM is emitted.
--rrllee Select RLE output format. (Requires URT library.)
--ttaarrggaa Select Targa output format. Gray-scale format is
emitted if the JPEG file is gray-scale or if
--ggrraayyssccaallee is specified; otherwise, colormapped
format is emitted if --ccoolloorrss is specified; other
wise, 24-bit full-color format is emitted.
Switches for advanced users:
--ddcctt iinntt
Use integer DCT method (default).
--ddcctt ffaasstt
Use fast integer DCT (less accurate).
--ddcctt ffllooaatt
Use floating-point DCT method. The floating-point
method is the most accurate, but will be the slow
est unless your machine has very fast floating-
point hardware. Also note that results of the
floating-point method may vary slightly across
machines, while the integer methods should give the
same results everywhere. The fast integer method
is much less accurate than the other two.
--ddiitthheerr ffss
Use Floyd-Steinberg dithering in color quantiza
tion.
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DJPEG(1) DJPEG(1)
--ddiitthheerr oorrddeerreedd
Use ordered dithering in color quantization.
--ddiitthheerr nnoonnee
Do not use dithering in color quantization. By
default, Floyd-Steinberg dithering is applied when
quantizing colors; this is slow but usually pro
duces the best results. Ordered dither is a com
promise between speed and quality; no dithering is
fast but usually looks awful. Note that these
switches have no effect unless color quantization
is being done. Ordered dither is only available in
--oonneeppaassss mode.
--mmaapp _f_i_l_e
Quantize to the colors used in the specified image
file. This is useful for producing multiple files
with identical color maps, or for forcing a prede
fined set of colors to be used. The _f_i_l_e must be a
GIF or PPM file. This option overrides --ccoolloorrss and
--oonneeppaassss.
--nnoossmmooootthh
Use a faster, lower-quality upsampling routine.
--oonneeppaassss
Use one-pass instead of two-pass color quantiza
tion. The one-pass method is faster and needs less
memory, but it produces a lower-quality image.
--oonneeppaassss is ignored unless you also say --ccoolloorrss _N.
Also, the one-pass method is always used for gray-
scale output (the two-pass method is no improvement
then).
--mmaaxxmmeemmoorryy _N
Set limit for amount of memory to use in processing
large images. Value is in thousands of bytes, or
millions of bytes if "M" is attached to the number.
For example, --mmaaxx 44mm selects 4000000 bytes. If
more space is needed, temporary files will be used.
--oouuttffiillee _n_a_m_e
Send output image to the named file, not to stan
dard output.
--vveerrbboossee
Enable debug printout. More --vv's give more output.
Also, version information is printed at startup.
--ddeebbuugg Same as --vveerrbboossee.
EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS
This example decompresses the JPEG file foo.jpg, automati
cally quantizes to 256 colors, and saves the output in GIF
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DJPEG(1) DJPEG(1)
format in foo.gif:
ddjjppeegg --ggiiff _f_o_o_._j_p_g >> _f_o_o_._g_i_f
HHIINNTTSS
To get a quick preview of an image, use the --ggrraayyssccaallee
and/or --ssccaallee switches. --ggrraayyssccaallee --ssccaallee 11//88 is the
fastest case.
Several options are available that trade off image quality
to gain speed. --ffaasstt turns on the recommended settings.
--ddcctt ffaasstt and/or --nnoossmmooootthh gain speed at a small sacrifice
in quality. When producing a color-quantized image,
--oonneeppaassss --ddiitthheerr oorrddeerreedd is fast but much lower quality
than the default behavior. --ddiitthheerr nnoonnee may give accept
able results in two-pass mode, but is seldom tolerable in
one-pass mode.
If you are fortunate enough to have very fast floating
point hardware, --ddcctt ffllooaatt may be even faster than --ddcctt
ffaasstt.
EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT
JJPPEEGGMMEEMM
If this environment variable is set, its value is
the default memory limit. The value is specified
as described for the --mmaaxxmmeemmoorryy switch. JJPPEEGGMMEEMM
overrides the default value specified when the pro
gram was compiled, and itself is overridden by an
explicit --mmaaxxmmeemmoorryy.
SSEEEE AALLSSOO
ccjjppeegg(1), rrddjjppggccoomm(1), wwrrjjppggccoomm(1)
ppppmm(5), ppggmm(5)
Wallace, Gregory K. "The JPEG Still Picture Compression
Standard", Communications of the ACM, April 1991 (vol. 34,
no. 4), pp. 30-44.
AAUUTTHHOORR
Independent JPEG Group
BBUUGGSS
Arithmetic coding is not supported for legal reasons.
Still not as fast as we'd like.
28 August 1994 4